TY  - JOUR
AU  - Zhang, Dongdong
AU  - Cheng, Cheng
AU  - Wang, Yan
AU  - Sun, Hualei
AU  - Yu, Songcheng
AU  - Xue, Yuan
AU  - Liu, Yiming
AU  - Li, Wenjie
AU  - Li, Xing
PY  - 2020
TI  - Effect of Vitamin D on Blood Pressure and Hypertension in the General Population: An Update Meta-Analysis of Cohort Studies and Randomized Controlled Trials
T2  - Preventing Chronic Disease
JO  - Prev Chronic Dis
SP  - E03
VL  - 17
CY  - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
N2  - BACKGROUND  The effect of vitamin D supplementation on blood pressure has been explored in previous meta-analyses, but whether the association is causal in the general population is still unknown. We evaluated the association comprehensively and quantitatively.  METHODS  We searched PubMed and Embase for relevant cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We used a 2-step generalized least-squares method to assess the dose-response association of circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and hypertension and a fixed-effects model to pool the weighted mean differences (WMDs) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) of blood pressure across RCTs. RESULTS  We identified 11 cohort studies and 27 RCTs, with 43,320 and 3,810 participants, respectively. The dose-response relationship between circulating 25(OH)D levels and hypertension risk was approximately L-shaped (Pnonlinearity = .04), suggesting that the risk of hypertension increased substantially below 75 nmol/L as 25(OH)D decreased, but it remained significant over the range of 75-130 nmol/L. However, pooled results of RCTs showed that there was no significant reduction in systolic blood pressure (WMD, -0.00 mm Hg; 95% CI, -0.71 to 0.71) or diastolic blood pressure (WMD, 0.19 mm Hg; 95% CI, -0.29 to 0.67) after vitamin D intervention. CONCLUSIONS  The results of this meta-analysis indicate that supplementation with vitamin D does not lower blood pressure in the general population. RCTs with long-term interventions and a sufficient number of participants who have low levels of vitamin D are needed to validate these findings.
SN  - 1545-1151
UR  - https://doi.org/10.5888/pcd17.190307
DO  - 10.5888/pcd17.190307
ER  - 
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