TY  - JOUR
AU  - Njie, Gibril J.
AU  - Finnie, Ramona K.C.
AU  - Acharya, Sushama D.
AU  - Jacob, Verughese
AU  - Proia, Krista K.
AU  - Hopkins, David P.
PY  - 2015
TI  - Reducing Medication Costs to Prevent Cardiovascular Disease: A Community Guide Systematic Review
T2  - Preventing Chronic Disease
JO  - Prev Chronic Dis
SP  - E208
VL  - 12
CY  - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
N2  - INTRODUCTION  Hypertension and hyperlipidemia are major cardiovascular disease risk factors. To modify them, patients often need to adopt healthier lifestyles and adhere to prescribed medications. However, patients' adherence to recommended treatments has been suboptimal. Reducing out-of-pocket costs (ROPC) to patients may improve medication adherence and consequently improve health outcomes. This Community Guide systematic review examined the effectiveness of ROPC for medications prescribed for patients with hypertension and hyperlipidemia. METHODS  We assessed effectiveness and economics of ROPC for medications to treat hypertension, hyperlipidemia, or both. Per Community Guide review methods, reviewers identified, evaluated, and summarized available evidence published from January 1980 through July 2015. RESULTS  Eighteen studies were included in the analysis. ROPC interventions resulted in increased medication adherence for patients taking blood pressure and cholesterol medications by a median of 3.0 percentage points; proportion achieving 80% adherence to medication increased by 5.1 percentage points. Blood pressure and cholesterol outcomes also improved. Nine studies were included in the economic review, with a median intervention cost of $172 per person per year and a median change in health care cost of  -$127 per person per year. CONCLUSION  ROPC for medications to treat hypertension and hyperlipidemia is effective in increasing medication adherence, and, thus, improving blood pressure and cholesterol outcomes. Most ROPC interventions are implemented in combination with evidence-based health care interventions such as team-based care with medication counseling. An overall conclusion about the economics of the intervention could not be reached with the small body of inconsistent cost-benefit evidence.
SN  - 1545-1151
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.5888/pcd12.150242
DO  - 10.5888/pcd12.150242
ER  - 
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