TY  - JOUR
AU  - Ward, Phillip
AU  - McKenzie, Thomas L.
AU  - Cohen, Deborah
AU  - Evenson, Kelly R.
AU  - Golinelli, Daniela
AU  - Hillier, Amy
PY  - 2014
TI  - Physical Activity Surveillance in Parks Using Direct Observation
T2  - Preventing Chronic Disease
JO  - Prev Chronic Dis
SP  - E03
VL  - 11
CY  - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA.
N2  - INTRODUCTION  Primary features of observational public health surveillance instruments are that they are valid, can reliably estimate physical activity behaviors, and are useful across diverse geographic settings and seasons by different users. Previous studies have reported the validity and reliability of Systematic Observation of Play and Recreation in Communities (SOPARC) to estimate park and user characteristics. The purpose of this investigation was to establish the use of SOPARC as a surveillance instrument and to situate the findings from the study in the context of the previous literature. METHODS  We collected data by using SOPARC for more than 3 years in 4 locations: Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Columbus, Ohio; Chapel Hill/Durham, North Carolina; and Albuquerque, New Mexico during spring, summer, and autumn. RESULTS  We observed a total of 35,990 park users with an overall observer reliability of 94% (range, 85%-99%) conducted on 15% of the observations. We monitored the proportion of park users engaging in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and found marginal differences in MVPA by both city and season. Park users visited parks significantly more on weekend days than weekdays and visitation rates tended to be lower during summer than spring. CONCLUSION  SOPARC is a highly reliable observation instrument that can be used to collect data across diverse geographic settings and seasons by different users and has potential as a surveillance system.
SN  - 1545-1151
UR  - http://dx.doi.org/10.5888/pcd10.130147
DO  - 10.5888/pcd10.130147
ER  - 
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