ORIGINAL RESEARCH
Metabolic Syndrome Among Adults in New York City, 2004 New York City Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
| Comorbid condition | Overall | Men | Women | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| % | 95% CI | % | 95% CI | % | 95% CI | |
| Diabetes | 69.4 | 57.1-79.5 | 70.2 | 56.8-80.9 | 66.4 | 49.7-79.8 |
| Hypertension | 55.9 | 46.2-65.2 | 41.2 | 29.3-54.2 | 77.0 | 63.9-86.4 |
| High LDL cholesterol | 47.0 | 39.2-55.0 | 40.0 | 30.6-50.2 | 56.3 | 44.5-67.3 |
| Obesity | 49.7 | 44.0-55.5 | 47.4 | 38.7-56.2 | 50.7 | 42.6-58.7 |
| No comorbidity | 7.1 | 4.7-10.7 | 6.2 | 3.3-11.5 | 7.5 | 4.3-12.7 |
Figure 1. Age-adjusted prevalence of metabolic syndrome according to comorbid diagnosis, 2004 New York City Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals. Abbreviations: LDL, low-density lipoprotein.
| Characteristic | Adjusted Prevalence, % |
|---|---|
| BMI, kg/m2 | |
| Low/normal (<24.9) | 6 |
| Overweight (25.0-29.9) | 27 |
| Obese (≥30) | 48 |
| Age (years) | |
| 20-29 | 9 |
| 30-39 | 20 |
| 40-49 | 20 |
| 50-59 | 31 |
| ≥60 | 44 |
| Smoking status | |
| Never | 22 |
| Current | 35 |
| Former | 22 |
| Race/ethnicity | |
| Black | 22 |
| White | 23 |
| Hispanic | 26 |
| Asian | 35 |
Figure 2. Adjusted prevalence (predicted marginals) of metabolic syndrome by race/ethnicity, smoking status, age, and body mass index (BMI), 2004 New York City Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. BMI (kg/m2) categories were defined as underweight (low), <18.5; normal, 18.5-24.9; overweight, 25.0-29.9; and obese, ≥30. Each estimate is adjusted for sex, alcohol use, the interaction between sex and alcohol use, and all other variables in figure. Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals.
| Level of alcohol use | Adjusted prevalence among men % | Adjusted prevalence among women % |
|---|---|---|
| Heavy | 31 | 13 |
| Moderate | 21 | 25 |
| Low/none | 18 | 34 |
Figure 3. Adjusted prevalence (predicted marginals) of metabolic syndrome by sex and level of alcohol use, 2004 New York City Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Alcohol use was defined as heavy (>2 drinks/day during the past year for men or >1 drink/day for women); moderate (less frequent use); or low/none (no drinking in the past year). Each estimate is adjusted for body mass index, age, smoking, and race/ethnicity. Error bars represent 95% confidence intervals.
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