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Div. of Media Relations
1600 Clifton Road
MS D-14
Atlanta, GA 30333
(404) 639-3286
Fax (404) 639-7394 |
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Synopsis for November 2, 2001
The MMWR is NOT embargoed this week.
- Update: Investigation of Bioterrorism-Related
Anthrax and Interim Guidelines for Clinical Evaluation of Persons with
Possible Anthrax
- Prevalence of Major Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)
During 1997鈥?999 and Major CVD Hospital Discharge Rates in 1997
Among Adult Women with Diabetes, United States
- Hospital Discharge Rates for Nontraumatic Lower
Extremity Amputation by Diabetes Status 鈥?United States, 1997
- Weekly Update: West Nile Virus Activity 鈥?United
States, October 24鈥?0, 2001
Notices to Readers
Updated Recommendations for Antibiotic Prophylaxis Among
Asymptomatic Pregnant Women After Exposure to Bacillus anthracis
The antibiotic of choice for initial prophylactic therapy among
asymptomatic pregnant women exposed to Bacillus anthracis is
ciprofloxacin. In instances where the specific B. anthracis strain
has been shown to be penicillin-sensitive, prophylactic therapy with
amoxicillin may be considered. Doxycycline should be used with caution in
asymptomatic pregnant women, and only when there are contraindications to
the use of other appropriate antibiotics.
Interim Recommendations for Protecting Workers From Exposure to Bacillus
anthracis\t in Work Sites Where Mail is Handled or Processed
CDC has developed interim recommendations to assist personnel
responsible for occupational health and safety in developing a
comprehensive program to reduce potential cutaneous or inhalational
exposures to Bacillus anthracis spores among workers in work sites
where mail is handled or processed. Such work sites include post offices,
mail distribution/handling centers, bulk mail centers, air mail
facilities, priority mail processing centers, public and private mail
rooms, and other settings in which workers are responsible for handling
and processing mail. The recommendations are based on the limited
information available on ways to avoid infection and the effectiveness of
various prevention strategies, and will be updated as new information
becomes available.
Contact: Division of Media Relations
CDC, Office of Communication
(404) 639鈥?286
Synopsis for November 2, 2001
Update: Investigation of Bioterrorism-Related
Anthrax and Interim Guidelines for Clinical Evaluation of Persons with
Possible Anthrax
Since October 3, 2001, CDC and state and local
public health authorities have been investigating cases of
bioterrorism-related anthrax.
PRESS CONTACT:
Division of Media Relations
CDC, Office of Communication
(404) 639鈥?286 |
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This report updates
findings as of October 31, and includes interim guidelines for the
clinical evaluation of persons with possible anthrax. A total of 21 cases
(16 confirmed and five suspected) of bioterrorism-related anthrax have
been reported among persons who worked in the District of Columbia,
Florida, New Jersey, and New York City. Until the source of these
intentional exposures is eliminated, clinicians and laboratorians should
be alert for clinical evidence of Bacillus anthracis infection.
Epidemiologic investigation of these cases and surveillance to detect new
cases of bioterrorism-associated anthrax continues.
Prevalence of Major Cardiovascular Disease (CVD)
During 1997鈥?999 and Major CVD Hospital Discharge Rates in 1997 Among
Adult Women with Diabetes, United States
Compared to women without diabetes, major
cardiovascular disease prevalence is twice as common and hospitalizations
are nearly four times as common among women with diabetes.
PRESS CONTACT:
Mike Engelgau, M.D., M.P.H.
CDC, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention & Health
Promotion
(770) 488鈥?024 (Alternate: Ed Tierney, M.P.H., same
phone number) |
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Major CVD is the
leading cause of mortality among women, and the risk of major CVD among
women with diabetes mellitus is 2-4 times higher than that of women
without diabetes. The 1997-1999 National Health Interview Survey provides
evidence that approximately 72% of all women with diabetes report having
some form of major CVD. The age-adjusted prevalence of CVD among women
with diabetes was twice that of women without diabetes. In the 1997
Nationwide Inpatient Sample, 28% of all major CVD hospital discharges
among women had an associated diabetes diagnosis. Effective treatments to
prevent and control CVD currently exist and a concerted effort among
health care workers, public health officials, patients and their families
will be necessary to reduce the burden of major CVD among women with
diabetes.
Hospital Discharge Rates for Nontraumatic Lower
Extremity Amputation by Diabetes Status 鈥?United States, 19971
Lower extremity amputation (LEA) is a costly,
disabling procedure that disproportionately affects persons with diabetes.
PRESS CONTACT:
Mike Engelgau, M.D., M.P.H.
CDC, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention & Health
Promotion
(770) 488鈥?024 (Alternate: Ed Tierney, M.P.H., same
phone number) |
|
LEA is a costly,
disabling procedure that disproportionately affects persons with diabetes.
In 1997, the LEA hospital discharge rate for persons with diabetes was 28
times that for persons without diabetes, with men, non-Hispanic Blacks and
the elderly having the highest rates. About 44-85% of LEA are preventable.
Several efforts supported by CDC have been conducted to help further
characterize the problem in order to reduce the burden of LEA among
persons with diabetes.
Weekly Update: West Nile Virus Activity 鈥?United
States, October 24鈥?0, 2001
PRESS CONTACT:
Division of Media Relations
CDC, Office of Communication
(404) 639鈥?286 |
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The report summarizes surveillance data for West
Nile Virus (WNV) activities in the United States. The report includes
information on human cases and deaths, infected birds and other animals,
and WNV-positive mosquito pools.
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